Debian is an operating system which is composed primarily of free and open-source software, most of which is under the GNU General Public License, and developed by a group of individuals known as the Debian project. Debian is one of the most popular Linux distributions for personal computers and network servers, and has been used as a base for several other Linux distributions.
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The debian:latest tag will always point the latest stable release (which is,
at the time of this writing, debian:wheezy). Stable releases are also tagged
with their version (ie, debian:wheezy is currently also the same as
debian:7.4).
The rolling tags (debian:stable, debian:testing, etc) use the rolling suite
names in their /etc/apt/sources.list file (ie, deb
http://http.debian.net/debian testing main).
The mirror of choice for these images is http.debian.net so that it's as close to optimal for everyone as possible, regardless of location.
$ docker run debian:wheezy cat /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://http.debian.net/debian wheezy main
deb http://http.debian.net/debian wheezy-updates main
deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main