sftpgo/internal/dataprovider/bolt.go

// Copyright (C) 2019 Nicola Murino
//
// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published
// by the Free Software Foundation, version 3.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

//go:build !nobolt

package dataprovider

import (
	"bytes"
	"crypto/x509"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"net/netip"
	"path/filepath"
	"slices"
	"sort"
	"strconv"
	"time"

	bolt "go.etcd.io/bbolt"
	bolterrors "go.etcd.io/bbolt/errors"

	"github.com/drakkan/sftpgo/v2/internal/logger"
	"github.com/drakkan/sftpgo/v2/internal/util"
	"github.com/drakkan/sftpgo/v2/internal/version"
	"github.com/drakkan/sftpgo/v2/internal/vfs"
)

const (
	boltDatabaseVersion = 32
)

var (
	usersBucket     = []byte("users")
	groupsBucket    = []byte("groups")
	foldersBucket   = []byte("folders")
	adminsBucket    = []byte("admins")
	apiKeysBucket   = []byte("api_keys")
	sharesBucket    = []byte("shares")
	actionsBucket   = []byte("events_actions")
	rulesBucket     = []byte("events_rules")
	rolesBucket     = []byte("roles")
	ipListsBucket   = []byte("ip_lists")
	configsBucket   = []byte("configs")
	dbVersionBucket = []byte("db_version")
	dbVersionKey    = []byte("version")
	configsKey      = []byte("configs")
	boltBuckets     = [][]byte{usersBucket, groupsBucket, foldersBucket, adminsBucket, apiKeysBucket,
		sharesBucket, actionsBucket, rulesBucket, rolesBucket, ipListsBucket, configsBucket, dbVersionBucket}
)

// BoltProvider defines the auth provider for bolt key/value store
type BoltProvider struct {
	dbHandle *bolt.DB
}

func init() {
	version.AddFeature("+bolt")
}

func initializeBoltProvider(basePath string) error {
	var err error

	dbPath := config.Name
	if !util.IsFileInputValid(dbPath) {
		return fmt.Errorf("invalid database path: %q", dbPath)
	}
	if !filepath.IsAbs(dbPath) {
		dbPath = filepath.Join(basePath, dbPath)
	}
	dbHandle, err := bolt.Open(dbPath, 0600, &bolt.Options{
		NoGrowSync:   false,
		FreelistType: bolt.FreelistArrayType,
		Timeout:      5 * time.Second})
	if err == nil {
		providerLog(logger.LevelDebug, "bolt key store handle created")

		for _, bucket := range boltBuckets {
			if err := dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
				_, e := tx.CreateBucketIfNotExists(bucket)
				return e
			}); err != nil {
				providerLog(logger.LevelError, "error creating bucket %q: %v", string(bucket), err)
			}
		}

		provider = &BoltProvider{dbHandle: dbHandle}
	} else {
		providerLog(logger.LevelError, "error creating bolt key/value store handler: %v", err)
	}
	return err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) checkAvailability() error {
	_, err := getBoltDatabaseVersion(p.dbHandle)
	return err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) validateUserAndTLSCert(username, protocol string, tlsCert *x509.Certificate) (User, error) {
	var user User
	if tlsCert == nil {
		return user, errors.New("TLS certificate cannot be null or empty")
	}
	user, err := p.userExists(username, "")
	if err != nil {
		providerLog(logger.LevelWarn, "error authenticating user %q: %v", username, err)
		return user, err
	}
	return checkUserAndTLSCertificate(&user, protocol, tlsCert)
}

func (p *BoltProvider) validateUserAndPass(username, password, ip, protocol string) (User, error) {
	user, err := p.userExists(username, "")
	if err != nil {
		providerLog(logger.LevelWarn, "error authenticating user %q: %v", username, err)
		return user, err
	}
	return checkUserAndPass(&user, password, ip, protocol)
}

func (p *BoltProvider) validateAdminAndPass(username, password, ip string) (Admin, error) {
	admin, err := p.adminExists(username)
	if err != nil {
		providerLog(logger.LevelWarn, "error authenticating admin %q: %v", username, err)
		return admin, err
	}
	err = admin.checkUserAndPass(password, ip)
	return admin, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) validateUserAndPubKey(username string, pubKey []byte, isSSHCert bool) (User, string, error) {
	var user User
	if len(pubKey) == 0 {
		return user, "", errors.New("credentials cannot be null or empty")
	}
	user, err := p.userExists(username, "")
	if err != nil {
		providerLog(logger.LevelWarn, "error authenticating user %q: %v", username, err)
		return user, "", err
	}
	return checkUserAndPubKey(&user, pubKey, isSSHCert)
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateAPIKeyLastUse(keyID string) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAPIKeysBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var u []byte
		if u = bucket.Get([]byte(keyID)); u == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("key %q does not exist, unable to update last use", keyID))
		}
		var apiKey APIKey
		err = json.Unmarshal(u, &apiKey)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		apiKey.LastUseAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(apiKey)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		err = bucket.Put([]byte(keyID), buf)
		if err != nil {
			providerLog(logger.LevelWarn, "error updating last use for key %q: %v", keyID, err)
			return err
		}
		providerLog(logger.LevelDebug, "last use updated for key %q", keyID)
		return nil
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getAdminSignature(username string) (string, error) {
	var updatedAt int64
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAdminsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		u := bucket.Get([]byte(username))
		var admin Admin
		err = json.Unmarshal(u, &admin)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		updatedAt = admin.UpdatedAt
		return nil
	})
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	return strconv.FormatInt(updatedAt, 10), nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getUserSignature(username string) (string, error) {
	var updatedAt int64
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		u := bucket.Get([]byte(username))
		var user User
		err = json.Unmarshal(u, &user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		updatedAt = user.UpdatedAt
		return nil
	})
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	return strconv.FormatInt(updatedAt, 10), nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) setUpdatedAt(username string) {
	p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error { //nolint:errcheck
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var u []byte
		if u = bucket.Get([]byte(username)); u == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("username %q does not exist, unable to update updated at", username))
		}
		var user User
		err = json.Unmarshal(u, &user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		user.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		err = bucket.Put([]byte(username), buf)
		if err == nil {
			providerLog(logger.LevelDebug, "updated at set for user %q", username)
			setLastUserUpdate()
		} else {
			providerLog(logger.LevelWarn, "error setting updated_at for user %q: %v", username, err)
		}
		return err
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateLastLogin(username string) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var u []byte
		if u = bucket.Get([]byte(username)); u == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("username %q does not exist, unable to update last login", username))
		}
		var user User
		err = json.Unmarshal(u, &user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		user.LastLogin = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		err = bucket.Put([]byte(username), buf)
		if err != nil {
			providerLog(logger.LevelWarn, "error updating last login for user %q: %v", username, err)
		} else {
			providerLog(logger.LevelDebug, "last login updated for user %q", username)
		}
		return err
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateAdminLastLogin(username string) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAdminsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var a []byte
		if a = bucket.Get([]byte(username)); a == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("admin %q does not exist, unable to update last login", username))
		}
		var admin Admin
		err = json.Unmarshal(a, &admin)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		admin.LastLogin = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(admin)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		err = bucket.Put([]byte(username), buf)
		if err == nil {
			providerLog(logger.LevelDebug, "last login updated for admin %q", username)
			return err
		}
		providerLog(logger.LevelWarn, "error updating last login for admin %q: %v", username, err)
		return err
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateTransferQuota(username string, uploadSize, downloadSize int64, reset bool) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var u []byte
		if u = bucket.Get([]byte(username)); u == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("username %q does not exist, unable to update transfer quota",
				username))
		}
		var user User
		err = json.Unmarshal(u, &user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if !reset {
			user.UsedUploadDataTransfer += uploadSize
			user.UsedDownloadDataTransfer += downloadSize
		} else {
			user.UsedUploadDataTransfer = uploadSize
			user.UsedDownloadDataTransfer = downloadSize
		}
		user.LastQuotaUpdate = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		err = bucket.Put([]byte(username), buf)
		providerLog(logger.LevelDebug, "transfer quota updated for user %q, ul increment: %v dl increment: %v is reset? %v",
			username, uploadSize, downloadSize, reset)
		return err
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateQuota(username string, filesAdd int, sizeAdd int64, reset bool) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var u []byte
		if u = bucket.Get([]byte(username)); u == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("username %q does not exist, unable to update quota", username))
		}
		var user User
		err = json.Unmarshal(u, &user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if reset {
			user.UsedQuotaSize = sizeAdd
			user.UsedQuotaFiles = filesAdd
		} else {
			user.UsedQuotaSize += sizeAdd
			user.UsedQuotaFiles += filesAdd
		}
		user.LastQuotaUpdate = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		err = bucket.Put([]byte(username), buf)
		providerLog(logger.LevelDebug, "quota updated for user %q, files increment: %v size increment: %v is reset? %v",
			username, filesAdd, sizeAdd, reset)
		return err
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getUsedQuota(username string) (int, int64, int64, int64, error) {
	user, err := p.userExists(username, "")
	if err != nil {
		providerLog(logger.LevelError, "unable to get quota for user %v error: %v", username, err)
		return 0, 0, 0, 0, err
	}
	return user.UsedQuotaFiles, user.UsedQuotaSize, user.UsedUploadDataTransfer, user.UsedDownloadDataTransfer, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) adminExists(username string) (Admin, error) {
	var admin Admin

	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAdminsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		a := bucket.Get([]byte(username))
		if a == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("admin %v does not exist", username))
		}
		return json.Unmarshal(a, &admin)
	})

	return admin, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addAdmin(admin *Admin) error {
	err := admin.validate()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAdminsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		groupBucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		rolesBucket, err := p.getRolesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if a := bucket.Get([]byte(admin.Username)); a != nil {
			return util.NewI18nError(
				fmt.Errorf("%w: admin %q already exists", ErrDuplicatedKey, admin.Username),
				util.I18nErrorDuplicatedUsername,
			)
		}
		id, err := bucket.NextSequence()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		admin.ID = int64(id)
		admin.LastLogin = 0
		admin.CreatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		admin.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		sort.Slice(admin.Groups, func(i, j int) bool {
			return admin.Groups[i].Name < admin.Groups[j].Name
		})
		for idx := range admin.Groups {
			err = p.addAdminToGroupMapping(admin.Username, admin.Groups[idx].Name, groupBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		if err = p.addAdminToRole(admin.Username, admin.Role, rolesBucket); err != nil {
			return err
		}

		buf, err := json.Marshal(admin)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(admin.Username), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateAdmin(admin *Admin) error {
	err := admin.validate()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAdminsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		groupBucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		rolesBucket, err := p.getRolesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var a []byte
		if a = bucket.Get([]byte(admin.Username)); a == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("admin %v does not exist", admin.Username))
		}
		var oldAdmin Admin
		err = json.Unmarshal(a, &oldAdmin)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		if err = p.removeAdminFromRole(oldAdmin.Username, oldAdmin.Role, rolesBucket); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		for idx := range oldAdmin.Groups {
			err = p.removeAdminFromGroupMapping(oldAdmin.Username, oldAdmin.Groups[idx].Name, groupBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		if err = p.addAdminToRole(admin.Username, admin.Role, rolesBucket); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		sort.Slice(admin.Groups, func(i, j int) bool {
			return admin.Groups[i].Name < admin.Groups[j].Name
		})
		for idx := range admin.Groups {
			err = p.addAdminToGroupMapping(admin.Username, admin.Groups[idx].Name, groupBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		admin.ID = oldAdmin.ID
		admin.CreatedAt = oldAdmin.CreatedAt
		admin.LastLogin = oldAdmin.LastLogin
		admin.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(admin)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(admin.Username), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteAdmin(admin Admin) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAdminsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		var a []byte
		if a = bucket.Get([]byte(admin.Username)); a == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("admin %v does not exist", admin.Username))
		}
		var oldAdmin Admin
		err = json.Unmarshal(a, &oldAdmin)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if len(oldAdmin.Groups) > 0 {
			groupBucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			for idx := range oldAdmin.Groups {
				err = p.removeAdminFromGroupMapping(oldAdmin.Username, oldAdmin.Groups[idx].Name, groupBucket)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
			}
		}
		if oldAdmin.Role != "" {
			rolesBucket, err := p.getRolesBucket(tx)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			if err = p.removeAdminFromRole(oldAdmin.Username, oldAdmin.Role, rolesBucket); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}

		if err := p.deleteRelatedAPIKey(tx, admin.Username, APIKeyScopeAdmin); err != nil {
			return err
		}

		return bucket.Delete([]byte(admin.Username))
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getAdmins(limit int, offset int, order string) ([]Admin, error) {
	admins := make([]Admin, 0, limit)

	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAdminsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		itNum := 0
		if order == OrderASC {
			for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				var admin Admin
				err = json.Unmarshal(v, &admin)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				admin.HideConfidentialData()
				admins = append(admins, admin)
				if len(admins) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		} else {
			for k, v := cursor.Last(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Prev() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				var admin Admin
				err = json.Unmarshal(v, &admin)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				admin.HideConfidentialData()
				admins = append(admins, admin)
				if len(admins) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		}
		return err
	})

	return admins, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) dumpAdmins() ([]Admin, error) {
	admins := make([]Admin, 0, 30)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAdminsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
			var admin Admin
			err = json.Unmarshal(v, &admin)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			admins = append(admins, admin)
		}
		return err
	})

	return admins, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) userExists(username, role string) (User, error) {
	var user User
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		u := bucket.Get([]byte(username))
		if u == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("username %q does not exist", username))
		}
		foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		user, err = p.joinUserAndFolders(u, foldersBucket)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if !user.hasRole(role) {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("username %q does not exist", username))
		}
		return nil
	})
	return user, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addUser(user *User) error {
	err := ValidateUser(user)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		groupBucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		rolesBucket, err := p.getRolesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if u := bucket.Get([]byte(user.Username)); u != nil {
			return util.NewI18nError(
				fmt.Errorf("%w: username %v already exists", ErrDuplicatedKey, user.Username),
				util.I18nErrorDuplicatedUsername,
			)
		}
		id, err := bucket.NextSequence()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		user.ID = int64(id)
		user.LastQuotaUpdate = 0
		user.UsedQuotaSize = 0
		user.UsedQuotaFiles = 0
		user.UsedUploadDataTransfer = 0
		user.UsedDownloadDataTransfer = 0
		user.LastLogin = 0
		user.FirstDownload = 0
		user.FirstUpload = 0
		user.CreatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		user.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		if err := p.addUserToRole(user.Username, user.Role, rolesBucket); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		sort.Slice(user.VirtualFolders, func(i, j int) bool {
			return user.VirtualFolders[i].Name < user.VirtualFolders[j].Name
		})
		for idx := range user.VirtualFolders {
			err = p.addRelationToFolderMapping(user.VirtualFolders[idx].Name, user, nil, foldersBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		sort.Slice(user.Groups, func(i, j int) bool {
			return user.Groups[i].Name < user.Groups[j].Name
		})
		for idx := range user.Groups {
			err = p.addUserToGroupMapping(user.Username, user.Groups[idx].Name, groupBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		buf, err := json.Marshal(user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(user.Username), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateUser(user *User) error {
	err := ValidateUser(user)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var u []byte
		if u = bucket.Get([]byte(user.Username)); u == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("username %q does not exist", user.Username))
		}
		var oldUser User
		err = json.Unmarshal(u, &oldUser)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if err = p.updateUserRelations(tx, user, oldUser); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		user.ID = oldUser.ID
		user.LastQuotaUpdate = oldUser.LastQuotaUpdate
		user.UsedQuotaSize = oldUser.UsedQuotaSize
		user.UsedQuotaFiles = oldUser.UsedQuotaFiles
		user.UsedUploadDataTransfer = oldUser.UsedUploadDataTransfer
		user.UsedDownloadDataTransfer = oldUser.UsedDownloadDataTransfer
		user.LastLogin = oldUser.LastLogin
		user.FirstDownload = oldUser.FirstDownload
		user.FirstUpload = oldUser.FirstUpload
		user.CreatedAt = oldUser.CreatedAt
		user.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		err = bucket.Put([]byte(user.Username), buf)
		if err == nil {
			setLastUserUpdate()
		}
		return err
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteUser(user User, _ bool) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		groupBucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		rolesBucket, err := p.getRolesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var u []byte
		if u = bucket.Get([]byte(user.Username)); u == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("username %q does not exist", user.Username))
		}
		var oldUser User
		err = json.Unmarshal(u, &oldUser)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if err := p.removeUserFromRole(oldUser.Username, oldUser.Role, rolesBucket); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		for idx := range oldUser.VirtualFolders {
			err = p.removeRelationFromFolderMapping(oldUser.VirtualFolders[idx], oldUser.Username, "", foldersBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		for idx := range oldUser.Groups {
			err = p.removeUserFromGroupMapping(oldUser.Username, oldUser.Groups[idx].Name, groupBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		if err := p.deleteRelatedAPIKey(tx, user.Username, APIKeyScopeUser); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if err := p.deleteRelatedShares(tx, user.Username); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Delete([]byte(user.Username))
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateUserPassword(username, password string) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var u []byte
		if u = bucket.Get([]byte(username)); u == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("username %q does not exist", username))
		}
		var user User
		err = json.Unmarshal(u, &user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		user.Password = password
		user.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(username), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) dumpUsers() ([]User, error) {
	users := make([]User, 0, 100)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
			user, err := p.joinUserAndFolders(v, foldersBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			users = append(users, user)
		}
		return err
	})
	return users, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getRecentlyUpdatedUsers(after int64) ([]User, error) {
	if getLastUserUpdate() < after {
		return nil, nil
	}
	users := make([]User, 0, 10)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		groupsBucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
			var user User
			err := json.Unmarshal(v, &user)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			if user.UpdatedAt < after {
				continue
			}
			if len(user.VirtualFolders) > 0 {
				var folders []vfs.VirtualFolder
				for idx := range user.VirtualFolders {
					folder := &user.VirtualFolders[idx]
					baseFolder, err := p.folderExistsInternal(folder.Name, foldersBucket)
					if err != nil {
						continue
					}
					folder.BaseVirtualFolder = baseFolder
					folders = append(folders, *folder)
				}
				user.VirtualFolders = folders
			}
			if len(user.Groups) > 0 {
				groupMapping := make(map[string]Group)
				for idx := range user.Groups {
					group, err := p.groupExistsInternal(user.Groups[idx].Name, groupsBucket)
					if err != nil {
						continue
					}
					groupMapping[group.Name] = group
				}
				user.applyGroupSettings(groupMapping)
			}
			user.SetEmptySecretsIfNil()
			users = append(users, user)
		}
		return err
	})
	return users, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getUsersForQuotaCheck(toFetch map[string]bool) ([]User, error) {
	users := make([]User, 0, 10)

	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		groupsBucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
			var user User
			err := json.Unmarshal(v, &user)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			if needFolders, ok := toFetch[user.Username]; ok {
				if needFolders && len(user.VirtualFolders) > 0 {
					var folders []vfs.VirtualFolder
					for idx := range user.VirtualFolders {
						folder := &user.VirtualFolders[idx]
						baseFolder, err := p.folderExistsInternal(folder.Name, foldersBucket)
						if err != nil {
							continue
						}
						folder.BaseVirtualFolder = baseFolder
						folders = append(folders, *folder)
					}
					user.VirtualFolders = folders
				}
				if len(user.Groups) > 0 {
					groupMapping := make(map[string]Group)
					for idx := range user.Groups {
						group, err := p.groupExistsInternal(user.Groups[idx].Name, groupsBucket)
						if err != nil {
							continue
						}
						groupMapping[group.Name] = group
					}
					user.applyGroupSettings(groupMapping)
				}

				user.SetEmptySecretsIfNil()
				user.PrepareForRendering()
				users = append(users, user)
			}
		}
		return nil
	})

	return users, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getUsers(limit int, offset int, order, role string) ([]User, error) {
	users := make([]User, 0, limit)
	var err error
	if limit <= 0 {
		return users, err
	}
	err = p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		itNum := 0
		if order == OrderASC {
			for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				user, err := p.joinUserAndFolders(v, foldersBucket)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				if !user.hasRole(role) {
					continue
				}
				user.PrepareForRendering()
				users = append(users, user)
				if len(users) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		} else {
			for k, v := cursor.Last(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Prev() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				user, err := p.joinUserAndFolders(v, foldersBucket)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				if !user.hasRole(role) {
					continue
				}
				user.PrepareForRendering()
				users = append(users, user)
				if len(users) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		}
		return err
	})
	return users, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) dumpFolders() ([]vfs.BaseVirtualFolder, error) {
	folders := make([]vfs.BaseVirtualFolder, 0, 50)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
			var folder vfs.BaseVirtualFolder
			err = json.Unmarshal(v, &folder)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			folders = append(folders, folder)
		}
		return err
	})
	return folders, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getFolders(limit, offset int, order string, _ bool) ([]vfs.BaseVirtualFolder, error) {
	folders := make([]vfs.BaseVirtualFolder, 0, limit)
	var err error
	if limit <= 0 {
		return folders, err
	}
	err = p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		itNum := 0
		if order == OrderASC {
			for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				var folder vfs.BaseVirtualFolder
				err = json.Unmarshal(v, &folder)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				folder.PrepareForRendering()
				folders = append(folders, folder)
				if len(folders) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		} else {
			for k, v := cursor.Last(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Prev() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				var folder vfs.BaseVirtualFolder
				err = json.Unmarshal(v, &folder)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				folder.PrepareForRendering()
				folders = append(folders, folder)
				if len(folders) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		}
		return err
	})
	return folders, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getFolderByName(name string) (vfs.BaseVirtualFolder, error) {
	var folder vfs.BaseVirtualFolder
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		folder, err = p.folderExistsInternal(name, bucket)
		return err
	})
	return folder, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addFolder(folder *vfs.BaseVirtualFolder) error {
	err := ValidateFolder(folder)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if f := bucket.Get([]byte(folder.Name)); f != nil {
			return util.NewI18nError(
				fmt.Errorf("%w: folder %q already exists", ErrDuplicatedKey, folder.Name),
				util.I18nErrorDuplicatedUsername,
			)
		}
		folder.Users = nil
		folder.Groups = nil
		return p.addFolderInternal(*folder, bucket)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateFolder(folder *vfs.BaseVirtualFolder) error {
	err := ValidateFolder(folder)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var f []byte

		if f = bucket.Get([]byte(folder.Name)); f == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("folder %v does not exist", folder.Name))
		}
		var oldFolder vfs.BaseVirtualFolder
		err = json.Unmarshal(f, &oldFolder)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		folder.ID = oldFolder.ID
		folder.LastQuotaUpdate = oldFolder.LastQuotaUpdate
		folder.UsedQuotaFiles = oldFolder.UsedQuotaFiles
		folder.UsedQuotaSize = oldFolder.UsedQuotaSize
		folder.Users = oldFolder.Users
		folder.Groups = oldFolder.Groups
		buf, err := json.Marshal(folder)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(folder.Name), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteFolderMappings(folder vfs.BaseVirtualFolder, usersBucket, groupsBucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	for _, username := range folder.Users {
		var u []byte
		if u = usersBucket.Get([]byte(username)); u == nil {
			continue
		}
		var user User
		err := json.Unmarshal(u, &user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var folders []vfs.VirtualFolder
		for _, userFolder := range user.VirtualFolders {
			if folder.Name != userFolder.Name {
				folders = append(folders, userFolder)
			}
		}
		user.VirtualFolders = folders
		buf, err := json.Marshal(user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		err = usersBucket.Put([]byte(user.Username), buf)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	for _, groupname := range folder.Groups {
		var u []byte
		if u = groupsBucket.Get([]byte(groupname)); u == nil {
			continue
		}
		var group Group
		err := json.Unmarshal(u, &group)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var folders []vfs.VirtualFolder
		for _, groupFolder := range group.VirtualFolders {
			if folder.Name != groupFolder.Name {
				folders = append(folders, groupFolder)
			}
		}
		group.VirtualFolders = folders
		buf, err := json.Marshal(group)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		err = groupsBucket.Put([]byte(group.Name), buf)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteFolder(baseFolder vfs.BaseVirtualFolder) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		usersBucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		groupsBucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		var f []byte
		if f = bucket.Get([]byte(baseFolder.Name)); f == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("folder %v does not exist", baseFolder.Name))
		}
		var folder vfs.BaseVirtualFolder
		err = json.Unmarshal(f, &folder)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if err = p.deleteFolderMappings(folder, usersBucket, groupsBucket); err != nil {
			return err
		}

		return bucket.Delete([]byte(folder.Name))
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateFolderQuota(name string, filesAdd int, sizeAdd int64, reset bool) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var f []byte
		if f = bucket.Get([]byte(name)); f == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("folder %q does not exist, unable to update quota", name))
		}
		var folder vfs.BaseVirtualFolder
		err = json.Unmarshal(f, &folder)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if reset {
			folder.UsedQuotaSize = sizeAdd
			folder.UsedQuotaFiles = filesAdd
		} else {
			folder.UsedQuotaSize += sizeAdd
			folder.UsedQuotaFiles += filesAdd
		}
		folder.LastQuotaUpdate = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(folder)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(folder.Name), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getUsedFolderQuota(name string) (int, int64, error) {
	folder, err := p.getFolderByName(name)
	if err != nil {
		providerLog(logger.LevelError, "unable to get quota for folder %q error: %v", name, err)
		return 0, 0, err
	}
	return folder.UsedQuotaFiles, folder.UsedQuotaSize, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getGroups(limit, offset int, order string, _ bool) ([]Group, error) {
	groups := make([]Group, 0, limit)
	var err error
	if limit <= 0 {
		return groups, err
	}
	err = p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		itNum := 0
		if order == OrderASC {
			for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				var group Group
				group, err = p.joinGroupAndFolders(v, foldersBucket)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				group.PrepareForRendering()
				groups = append(groups, group)
				if len(groups) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		} else {
			for k, v := cursor.Last(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Prev() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				var group Group
				group, err = p.joinGroupAndFolders(v, foldersBucket)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				group.PrepareForRendering()
				groups = append(groups, group)
				if len(groups) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		}
		return err
	})
	return groups, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getGroupsWithNames(names []string) ([]Group, error) {
	var groups []Group
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		for _, name := range names {
			g := bucket.Get([]byte(name))
			if g == nil {
				continue
			}
			group, err := p.joinGroupAndFolders(g, foldersBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			groups = append(groups, group)
		}
		return nil
	})
	return groups, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getUsersInGroups(names []string) ([]string, error) {
	var usernames []string
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		for _, name := range names {
			g := bucket.Get([]byte(name))
			if g == nil {
				continue
			}
			var group Group
			err := json.Unmarshal(g, &group)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			usernames = append(usernames, group.Users...)
		}
		return nil
	})
	return usernames, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) groupExists(name string) (Group, error) {
	var group Group
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		g := bucket.Get([]byte(name))
		if g == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("group %q does not exist", name))
		}
		foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		group, err = p.joinGroupAndFolders(g, foldersBucket)
		return err
	})
	return group, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addGroup(group *Group) error {
	if err := group.validate(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if u := bucket.Get([]byte(group.Name)); u != nil {
			return util.NewI18nError(
				fmt.Errorf("%w: group %q already exists", ErrDuplicatedKey, group.Name),
				util.I18nErrorDuplicatedUsername,
			)
		}
		id, err := bucket.NextSequence()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		group.ID = int64(id)
		group.CreatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		group.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		group.Users = nil
		group.Admins = nil
		sort.Slice(group.VirtualFolders, func(i, j int) bool {
			return group.VirtualFolders[i].Name < group.VirtualFolders[j].Name
		})
		for idx := range group.VirtualFolders {
			err = p.addRelationToFolderMapping(group.VirtualFolders[idx].Name, nil, group, foldersBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		buf, err := json.Marshal(group)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(group.Name), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateGroup(group *Group) error {
	if err := group.validate(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var g []byte
		if g = bucket.Get([]byte(group.Name)); g == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("group %q does not exist", group.Name))
		}
		var oldGroup Group
		err = json.Unmarshal(g, &oldGroup)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		for idx := range oldGroup.VirtualFolders {
			err = p.removeRelationFromFolderMapping(oldGroup.VirtualFolders[idx], "", oldGroup.Name, foldersBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		sort.Slice(group.VirtualFolders, func(i, j int) bool {
			return group.VirtualFolders[i].Name < group.VirtualFolders[j].Name
		})
		for idx := range group.VirtualFolders {
			err = p.addRelationToFolderMapping(group.VirtualFolders[idx].Name, nil, group, foldersBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		group.ID = oldGroup.ID
		group.CreatedAt = oldGroup.CreatedAt
		group.Users = oldGroup.Users
		group.Admins = oldGroup.Admins
		group.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(group)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(group.Name), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteGroup(group Group) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var g []byte
		if g = bucket.Get([]byte(group.Name)); g == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("group %q does not exist", group.Name))
		}
		var oldGroup Group
		err = json.Unmarshal(g, &oldGroup)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if len(oldGroup.Users) > 0 {
			return util.NewValidationError(fmt.Sprintf("the group %q is referenced, it cannot be removed", oldGroup.Name))
		}
		if len(oldGroup.VirtualFolders) > 0 {
			foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			for idx := range oldGroup.VirtualFolders {
				err = p.removeRelationFromFolderMapping(oldGroup.VirtualFolders[idx], "", oldGroup.Name, foldersBucket)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
			}
		}
		if len(oldGroup.Admins) > 0 {
			adminsBucket, err := p.getAdminsBucket(tx)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			for idx := range oldGroup.Admins {
				err = p.removeGroupFromAdminMapping(oldGroup.Name, oldGroup.Admins[idx], adminsBucket)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
			}
		}

		return bucket.Delete([]byte(group.Name))
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) dumpGroups() ([]Group, error) {
	groups := make([]Group, 0, 50)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
			group, err := p.joinGroupAndFolders(v, foldersBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			groups = append(groups, group)
		}
		return err
	})
	return groups, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) apiKeyExists(keyID string) (APIKey, error) {
	var apiKey APIKey
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAPIKeysBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		k := bucket.Get([]byte(keyID))
		if k == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("API key %v does not exist", keyID))
		}
		return json.Unmarshal(k, &apiKey)
	})
	return apiKey, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addAPIKey(apiKey *APIKey) error {
	err := apiKey.validate()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAPIKeysBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if a := bucket.Get([]byte(apiKey.KeyID)); a != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("API key %v already exists", apiKey.KeyID)
		}
		id, err := bucket.NextSequence()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		apiKey.ID = int64(id)
		apiKey.CreatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		apiKey.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		apiKey.LastUseAt = 0
		if apiKey.User != "" {
			if err := p.userExistsInternal(tx, apiKey.User); err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("%w: related user %q does not exists", ErrForeignKeyViolated, apiKey.User)
			}
		}
		if apiKey.Admin != "" {
			if err := p.adminExistsInternal(tx, apiKey.Admin); err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("%w: related admin %q does not exists", ErrForeignKeyViolated, apiKey.Admin)
			}
		}
		buf, err := json.Marshal(apiKey)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(apiKey.KeyID), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateAPIKey(apiKey *APIKey) error {
	err := apiKey.validate()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAPIKeysBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var a []byte

		if a = bucket.Get([]byte(apiKey.KeyID)); a == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("API key %v does not exist", apiKey.KeyID))
		}
		var oldAPIKey APIKey
		err = json.Unmarshal(a, &oldAPIKey)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		apiKey.ID = oldAPIKey.ID
		apiKey.KeyID = oldAPIKey.KeyID
		apiKey.Key = oldAPIKey.Key
		apiKey.CreatedAt = oldAPIKey.CreatedAt
		apiKey.LastUseAt = oldAPIKey.LastUseAt
		apiKey.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		if apiKey.User != "" {
			if err := p.userExistsInternal(tx, apiKey.User); err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("%w: related user %q does not exists", ErrForeignKeyViolated, apiKey.User)
			}
		}
		if apiKey.Admin != "" {
			if err := p.adminExistsInternal(tx, apiKey.Admin); err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("%w: related admin %q does not exists", ErrForeignKeyViolated, apiKey.Admin)
			}
		}
		buf, err := json.Marshal(apiKey)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(apiKey.KeyID), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteAPIKey(apiKey APIKey) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAPIKeysBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		if bucket.Get([]byte(apiKey.KeyID)) == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("API key %v does not exist", apiKey.KeyID))
		}

		return bucket.Delete([]byte(apiKey.KeyID))
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getAPIKeys(limit int, offset int, order string) ([]APIKey, error) {
	apiKeys := make([]APIKey, 0, limit)

	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAPIKeysBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		itNum := 0
		if order == OrderASC {
			for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				var apiKey APIKey
				err = json.Unmarshal(v, &apiKey)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				apiKey.HideConfidentialData()
				apiKeys = append(apiKeys, apiKey)
				if len(apiKeys) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
			return nil
		}
		for k, v := cursor.Last(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Prev() {
			itNum++
			if itNum <= offset {
				continue
			}
			var apiKey APIKey
			err = json.Unmarshal(v, &apiKey)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			apiKey.HideConfidentialData()
			apiKeys = append(apiKeys, apiKey)
			if len(apiKeys) >= limit {
				break
			}
		}
		return nil
	})

	return apiKeys, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) dumpAPIKeys() ([]APIKey, error) {
	apiKeys := make([]APIKey, 0, 30)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getAPIKeysBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
			var apiKey APIKey
			err = json.Unmarshal(v, &apiKey)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			apiKeys = append(apiKeys, apiKey)
		}
		return err
	})

	return apiKeys, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) shareExists(shareID, username string) (Share, error) {
	var share Share
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getSharesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		s := bucket.Get([]byte(shareID))
		if s == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("Share %v does not exist", shareID))
		}
		if err := json.Unmarshal(s, &share); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if username != "" && share.Username != username {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("Share %v does not exist", shareID))
		}
		return nil
	})
	return share, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addShare(share *Share) error {
	err := share.validate()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getSharesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if a := bucket.Get([]byte(share.ShareID)); a != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("share %q already exists", share.ShareID)
		}
		id, err := bucket.NextSequence()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		share.ID = int64(id)
		if !share.IsRestore {
			share.CreatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
			share.UpdatedAt = share.CreatedAt
			share.LastUseAt = 0
			share.UsedTokens = 0
		}
		if share.CreatedAt == 0 {
			share.CreatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		}
		if share.UpdatedAt == 0 {
			share.UpdatedAt = share.CreatedAt
		}
		if err := p.userExistsInternal(tx, share.Username); err != nil {
			return util.NewValidationError(fmt.Sprintf("related user %q does not exists", share.Username))
		}
		buf, err := json.Marshal(share)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(share.ShareID), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateShare(share *Share) error {
	if err := share.validate(); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getSharesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var s []byte

		if s = bucket.Get([]byte(share.ShareID)); s == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("Share %v does not exist", share.ShareID))
		}
		var oldObject Share
		if err = json.Unmarshal(s, &oldObject); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if oldObject.Username != share.Username {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("Share %v does not exist", share.ShareID))
		}

		share.ID = oldObject.ID
		share.ShareID = oldObject.ShareID
		if !share.IsRestore {
			share.UsedTokens = oldObject.UsedTokens
			share.CreatedAt = oldObject.CreatedAt
			share.LastUseAt = oldObject.LastUseAt
			share.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		}
		if share.CreatedAt == 0 {
			share.CreatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		}
		if share.UpdatedAt == 0 {
			share.UpdatedAt = share.CreatedAt
		}
		if err := p.userExistsInternal(tx, share.Username); err != nil {
			return util.NewValidationError(fmt.Sprintf("related user %q does not exists", share.Username))
		}
		buf, err := json.Marshal(share)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(share.ShareID), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteShare(share Share) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getSharesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		var s []byte

		if s = bucket.Get([]byte(share.ShareID)); s == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("Share %v does not exist", share.ShareID))
		}
		var oldObject Share
		if err = json.Unmarshal(s, &oldObject); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if oldObject.Username != share.Username {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("Share %v does not exist", share.ShareID))
		}

		return bucket.Delete([]byte(share.ShareID))
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getShares(limit int, offset int, order, username string) ([]Share, error) {
	shares := make([]Share, 0, limit)

	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getSharesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		itNum := 0
		if order == OrderASC {
			for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
				var share Share
				if err := json.Unmarshal(v, &share); err != nil {
					return err
				}
				if share.Username != username {
					continue
				}
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				share.HideConfidentialData()
				shares = append(shares, share)
				if len(shares) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
			return nil
		}
		for k, v := cursor.Last(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Prev() {
			var share Share
			err = json.Unmarshal(v, &share)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			if share.Username != username {
				continue
			}
			itNum++
			if itNum <= offset {
				continue
			}
			share.HideConfidentialData()
			shares = append(shares, share)
			if len(shares) >= limit {
				break
			}
		}
		return nil
	})

	return shares, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) dumpShares() ([]Share, error) {
	shares := make([]Share, 0, 30)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getSharesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
			var share Share
			err = json.Unmarshal(v, &share)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			shares = append(shares, share)
		}
		return err
	})

	return shares, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateShareLastUse(shareID string, numTokens int) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getSharesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var u []byte
		if u = bucket.Get([]byte(shareID)); u == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("share %q does not exist, unable to update last use", shareID))
		}
		var share Share
		err = json.Unmarshal(u, &share)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		share.LastUseAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		share.UsedTokens += numTokens
		buf, err := json.Marshal(share)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		err = bucket.Put([]byte(shareID), buf)
		if err != nil {
			providerLog(logger.LevelWarn, "error updating last use for share %q: %v", shareID, err)
			return err
		}
		providerLog(logger.LevelDebug, "last use updated for share %q", shareID)
		return nil
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getDefenderHosts(_ int64, _ int) ([]DefenderEntry, error) {
	return nil, ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getDefenderHostByIP(_ string, _ int64) (DefenderEntry, error) {
	return DefenderEntry{}, ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) isDefenderHostBanned(_ string) (DefenderEntry, error) {
	return DefenderEntry{}, ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateDefenderBanTime(_ string, _ int) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteDefenderHost(_ string) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addDefenderEvent(_ string, _ int) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) setDefenderBanTime(_ string, _ int64) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) cleanupDefender(_ int64) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addActiveTransfer(_ ActiveTransfer) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateActiveTransferSizes(_, _, _ int64, _ string) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) removeActiveTransfer(_ int64, _ string) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) cleanupActiveTransfers(_ time.Time) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getActiveTransfers(_ time.Time) ([]ActiveTransfer, error) {
	return nil, ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addSharedSession(_ Session) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteSharedSession(_ string, _ SessionType) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getSharedSession(_ string, _ SessionType) (Session, error) {
	return Session{}, ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) cleanupSharedSessions(_ SessionType, _ int64) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getEventActions(limit, offset int, order string, _ bool) ([]BaseEventAction, error) {
	if limit <= 0 {
		return nil, nil
	}
	actions := make([]BaseEventAction, 0, limit)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getActionsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		itNum := 0
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		if order == OrderASC {
			for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				var action BaseEventAction
				err = json.Unmarshal(v, &action)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				action.PrepareForRendering()
				actions = append(actions, action)
				if len(actions) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		} else {
			for k, v := cursor.Last(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Prev() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				var action BaseEventAction
				err = json.Unmarshal(v, &action)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				action.PrepareForRendering()
				actions = append(actions, action)
				if len(actions) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		}
		return nil
	})
	return actions, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) dumpEventActions() ([]BaseEventAction, error) {
	actions := make([]BaseEventAction, 0, 50)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getActionsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
			var action BaseEventAction
			err = json.Unmarshal(v, &action)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			actions = append(actions, action)
		}
		return nil
	})
	return actions, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) eventActionExists(name string) (BaseEventAction, error) {
	var action BaseEventAction
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getActionsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		k := bucket.Get([]byte(name))
		if k == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("action %q does not exist", name))
		}
		return json.Unmarshal(k, &action)
	})
	return action, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addEventAction(action *BaseEventAction) error {
	err := action.validate()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getActionsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if a := bucket.Get([]byte(action.Name)); a != nil {
			return util.NewI18nError(
				fmt.Errorf("%w: event action %q already exists", ErrDuplicatedKey, action.Name),
				util.I18nErrorDuplicatedName,
			)
		}
		id, err := bucket.NextSequence()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		action.ID = int64(id)
		action.Rules = nil
		buf, err := json.Marshal(action)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(action.Name), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateEventAction(action *BaseEventAction) error {
	err := action.validate()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getActionsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var a []byte

		if a = bucket.Get([]byte(action.Name)); a == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("event action %s does not exist", action.Name))
		}
		var oldAction BaseEventAction
		err = json.Unmarshal(a, &oldAction)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		action.ID = oldAction.ID
		action.Name = oldAction.Name
		action.Rules = nil
		if len(oldAction.Rules) > 0 {
			rulesBucket, err := p.getRulesBucket(tx)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			var relatedRules []string
			for _, ruleName := range oldAction.Rules {
				r := rulesBucket.Get([]byte(ruleName))
				if r != nil {
					relatedRules = append(relatedRules, ruleName)
					var rule EventRule
					err := json.Unmarshal(r, &rule)
					if err != nil {
						return err
					}
					rule.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
					buf, err := json.Marshal(rule)
					if err != nil {
						return err
					}
					if err = rulesBucket.Put([]byte(rule.Name), buf); err != nil {
						return err
					}
					setLastRuleUpdate()
				}
			}
			action.Rules = relatedRules
		}
		buf, err := json.Marshal(action)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(action.Name), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteEventAction(action BaseEventAction) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getActionsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var a []byte

		if a = bucket.Get([]byte(action.Name)); a == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("action %s does not exist", action.Name))
		}
		var oldAction BaseEventAction
		err = json.Unmarshal(a, &oldAction)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if len(oldAction.Rules) > 0 {
			return util.NewValidationError(fmt.Sprintf("action %s is referenced, it cannot be removed", oldAction.Name))
		}
		return bucket.Delete([]byte(action.Name))
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getEventRules(limit, offset int, order string) ([]EventRule, error) {
	if limit <= 0 {
		return nil, nil
	}
	rules := make([]EventRule, 0, limit)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getRulesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		actionsBucket, err := p.getActionsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		itNum := 0
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		if order == OrderASC {
			for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				var rule EventRule
				rule, err = p.joinRuleAndActions(v, actionsBucket)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				rule.PrepareForRendering()
				rules = append(rules, rule)
				if len(rules) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		} else {
			for k, v := cursor.Last(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Prev() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				var rule EventRule
				rule, err = p.joinRuleAndActions(v, actionsBucket)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				rule.PrepareForRendering()
				rules = append(rules, rule)
				if len(rules) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		}
		return err
	})
	return rules, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) dumpEventRules() ([]EventRule, error) {
	rules := make([]EventRule, 0, 50)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getRulesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		actionsBucket, err := p.getActionsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
			rule, err := p.joinRuleAndActions(v, actionsBucket)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			rules = append(rules, rule)
		}
		return nil
	})
	return rules, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getRecentlyUpdatedRules(after int64) ([]EventRule, error) {
	if getLastRuleUpdate() < after {
		return nil, nil
	}
	rules := make([]EventRule, 0, 10)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getRulesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		actionsBucket, err := p.getActionsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
			var rule EventRule
			err := json.Unmarshal(v, &rule)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			if rule.UpdatedAt < after {
				continue
			}
			var actions []EventAction
			for idx := range rule.Actions {
				action := &rule.Actions[idx]
				var baseAction BaseEventAction
				k := actionsBucket.Get([]byte(action.Name))
				if k == nil {
					continue
				}
				err = json.Unmarshal(k, &baseAction)
				if err != nil {
					continue
				}
				baseAction.Options.SetEmptySecretsIfNil()
				action.BaseEventAction = baseAction
				actions = append(actions, *action)
			}
			rule.Actions = actions
			rules = append(rules, rule)
		}
		return nil
	})
	return rules, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) eventRuleExists(name string) (EventRule, error) {
	var rule EventRule
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getRulesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		r := bucket.Get([]byte(name))
		if r == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("event rule %q does not exist", name))
		}
		actionsBucket, err := p.getActionsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		rule, err = p.joinRuleAndActions(r, actionsBucket)
		return err
	})
	return rule, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addEventRule(rule *EventRule) error {
	if err := rule.validate(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getRulesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		actionsBucket, err := p.getActionsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if r := bucket.Get([]byte(rule.Name)); r != nil {
			return util.NewI18nError(
				fmt.Errorf("%w: event rule %q already exists", ErrDuplicatedKey, rule.Name),
				util.I18nErrorDuplicatedName,
			)
		}
		id, err := bucket.NextSequence()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		rule.ID = int64(id)
		rule.CreatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		rule.UpdatedAt = rule.CreatedAt
		for idx := range rule.Actions {
			if err = p.addRuleToActionMapping(rule.Name, rule.Actions[idx].Name, actionsBucket); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		sort.Slice(rule.Actions, func(i, j int) bool {
			return rule.Actions[i].Order < rule.Actions[j].Order
		})
		buf, err := json.Marshal(rule)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		err = bucket.Put([]byte(rule.Name), buf)
		if err == nil {
			setLastRuleUpdate()
		}
		return err
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateEventRule(rule *EventRule) error {
	if err := rule.validate(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getRulesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		actionsBucket, err := p.getActionsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var r []byte
		if r = bucket.Get([]byte(rule.Name)); r == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("event rule %q does not exist", rule.Name))
		}
		var oldRule EventRule
		if err = json.Unmarshal(r, &oldRule); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		for idx := range oldRule.Actions {
			if err = p.removeRuleFromActionMapping(rule.Name, oldRule.Actions[idx].Name, actionsBucket); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		for idx := range rule.Actions {
			if err = p.addRuleToActionMapping(rule.Name, rule.Actions[idx].Name, actionsBucket); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		rule.ID = oldRule.ID
		rule.CreatedAt = oldRule.CreatedAt
		rule.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(rule)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		sort.Slice(rule.Actions, func(i, j int) bool {
			return rule.Actions[i].Order < rule.Actions[j].Order
		})
		err = bucket.Put([]byte(rule.Name), buf)
		if err == nil {
			setLastRuleUpdate()
		}
		return err
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteEventRule(rule EventRule, _ bool) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getRulesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var r []byte
		if r = bucket.Get([]byte(rule.Name)); r == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("event rule %q does not exist", rule.Name))
		}
		var oldRule EventRule
		if err = json.Unmarshal(r, &oldRule); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if len(oldRule.Actions) > 0 {
			actionsBucket, err := p.getActionsBucket(tx)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			for idx := range oldRule.Actions {
				if err = p.removeRuleFromActionMapping(rule.Name, oldRule.Actions[idx].Name, actionsBucket); err != nil {
					return err
				}
			}
		}
		return bucket.Delete([]byte(rule.Name))
	})
}

func (*BoltProvider) getTaskByName(_ string) (Task, error) {
	return Task{}, ErrNotImplemented
}

func (*BoltProvider) addTask(_ string) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (*BoltProvider) updateTask(_ string, _ int64) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (*BoltProvider) updateTaskTimestamp(_ string) error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (*BoltProvider) addNode() error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (*BoltProvider) getNodeByName(_ string) (Node, error) {
	return Node{}, ErrNotImplemented
}

func (*BoltProvider) getNodes() ([]Node, error) {
	return nil, ErrNotImplemented
}

func (*BoltProvider) updateNodeTimestamp() error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (*BoltProvider) cleanupNodes() error {
	return ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) roleExists(name string) (Role, error) {
	var role Role
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getRolesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		r := bucket.Get([]byte(name))
		if r == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("role %q does not exist", name))
		}
		return json.Unmarshal(r, &role)
	})
	return role, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addRole(role *Role) error {
	if err := role.validate(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getRolesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if r := bucket.Get([]byte(role.Name)); r != nil {
			return util.NewI18nError(
				fmt.Errorf("%w: role %q already exists", ErrDuplicatedKey, role.Name),
				util.I18nErrorDuplicatedName,
			)
		}
		id, err := bucket.NextSequence()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		role.ID = int64(id)
		role.CreatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		role.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		role.Users = nil
		role.Admins = nil
		buf, err := json.Marshal(role)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(role.Name), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateRole(role *Role) error {
	if err := role.validate(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getRolesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var r []byte
		if r = bucket.Get([]byte(role.Name)); r == nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("role %q does not exist", role.Name)
		}
		var oldRole Role
		err = json.Unmarshal(r, &oldRole)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		role.ID = oldRole.ID
		role.CreatedAt = oldRole.CreatedAt
		role.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		role.Users = oldRole.Users
		role.Admins = oldRole.Admins
		buf, err := json.Marshal(role)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(role.Name), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteRole(role Role) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getRolesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var r []byte
		if r = bucket.Get([]byte(role.Name)); r == nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("role %q does not exist", role.Name)
		}
		var oldRole Role
		err = json.Unmarshal(r, &oldRole)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if len(oldRole.Admins) > 0 {
			return util.NewValidationError(fmt.Sprintf("the role %q is referenced, it cannot be removed", oldRole.Name))
		}
		if len(oldRole.Users) > 0 {
			bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			for _, username := range oldRole.Users {
				if err := p.removeRoleFromUser(username, oldRole.Name, bucket); err != nil {
					return err
				}
			}
		}

		return bucket.Delete([]byte(role.Name))
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getRoles(limit int, offset int, order string, _ bool) ([]Role, error) {
	roles := make([]Role, 0, limit)
	if limit <= 0 {
		return roles, nil
	}
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getRolesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		itNum := 0
		if order == OrderASC {
			for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				var role Role
				err = json.Unmarshal(v, &role)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				roles = append(roles, role)
				if len(roles) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		} else {
			for k, v := cursor.Last(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Prev() {
				itNum++
				if itNum <= offset {
					continue
				}
				var role Role
				err = json.Unmarshal(v, &role)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				roles = append(roles, role)
				if len(roles) >= limit {
					break
				}
			}
		}
		return nil
	})
	return roles, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) dumpRoles() ([]Role, error) {
	roles := make([]Role, 0, 10)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getRolesBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
			var role Role
			err = json.Unmarshal(v, &role)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			roles = append(roles, role)
		}
		return err
	})
	return roles, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) ipListEntryExists(ipOrNet string, listType IPListType) (IPListEntry, error) {
	entry := IPListEntry{
		IPOrNet: ipOrNet,
		Type:    listType,
	}
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getIPListsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		e := bucket.Get([]byte(entry.getKey()))
		if e == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("entry %q does not exist", entry.IPOrNet))
		}
		err = json.Unmarshal(e, &entry)
		if err == nil {
			entry.PrepareForRendering()
		}
		return err
	})
	return entry, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addIPListEntry(entry *IPListEntry) error {
	if err := entry.validate(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getIPListsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if e := bucket.Get([]byte(entry.getKey())); e != nil {
			return util.NewI18nError(
				fmt.Errorf("%w: entry %q already exists", ErrDuplicatedKey, entry.IPOrNet),
				util.I18nErrorDuplicatedIPNet,
			)
		}
		entry.CreatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		entry.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(entry)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(entry.getKey()), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateIPListEntry(entry *IPListEntry) error {
	if err := entry.validate(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getIPListsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var e []byte
		if e = bucket.Get([]byte(entry.getKey())); e == nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("entry %q does not exist", entry.IPOrNet)
		}
		var oldEntry IPListEntry
		err = json.Unmarshal(e, &oldEntry)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		entry.CreatedAt = oldEntry.CreatedAt
		entry.UpdatedAt = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(entry)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(entry.getKey()), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteIPListEntry(entry IPListEntry, _ bool) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getIPListsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if e := bucket.Get([]byte(entry.getKey())); e == nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("entry %q does not exist", entry.IPOrNet)
		}
		return bucket.Delete([]byte(entry.getKey()))
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getIPListEntries(listType IPListType, filter, from, order string, limit int) ([]IPListEntry, error) {
	entries := make([]IPListEntry, 0, 15)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getIPListsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		prefix := []byte(fmt.Sprintf("%d_", listType))
		acceptKey := func(k []byte) bool {
			return k != nil && bytes.HasPrefix(k, prefix)
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		if order == OrderASC {
			for k, v := cursor.Seek(prefix); acceptKey(k); k, v = cursor.Next() {
				var entry IPListEntry
				err = json.Unmarshal(v, &entry)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				if entry.satisfySearchConstraints(filter, from, order) {
					entry.PrepareForRendering()
					entries = append(entries, entry)
					if limit > 0 && len(entries) >= limit {
						break
					}
				}
			}
		} else {
			for k, v := cursor.Last(); acceptKey(k); k, v = cursor.Prev() {
				var entry IPListEntry
				err = json.Unmarshal(v, &entry)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				if entry.satisfySearchConstraints(filter, from, order) {
					entry.PrepareForRendering()
					entries = append(entries, entry)
					if limit > 0 && len(entries) >= limit {
						break
					}
				}
			}
		}
		return nil
	})
	return entries, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getRecentlyUpdatedIPListEntries(_ int64) ([]IPListEntry, error) {
	return nil, ErrNotImplemented
}

func (p *BoltProvider) dumpIPListEntries() ([]IPListEntry, error) {
	entries := make([]IPListEntry, 0, 10)
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getIPListsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if count := bucket.Stats().KeyN; count > ipListMemoryLimit {
			providerLog(logger.LevelInfo, "IP lists excluded from dump, too many entries: %d", count)
			return nil
		}
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
			var entry IPListEntry
			err = json.Unmarshal(v, &entry)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			entry.PrepareForRendering()
			entries = append(entries, entry)
		}
		return nil
	})
	return entries, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) countIPListEntries(listType IPListType) (int64, error) {
	var count int64
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getIPListsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if listType == 0 {
			count = int64(bucket.Stats().KeyN)
			return nil
		}
		prefix := []byte(fmt.Sprintf("%d_", listType))
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, _ := cursor.Seek(prefix); k != nil && bytes.HasPrefix(k, prefix); k, _ = cursor.Next() {
			count++
		}
		return nil
	})
	return count, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getListEntriesForIP(ip string, listType IPListType) ([]IPListEntry, error) {
	entries := make([]IPListEntry, 0, 3)
	ipAddr, err := netip.ParseAddr(ip)
	if err != nil {
		return entries, fmt.Errorf("invalid ip address %s", ip)
	}
	var netType int
	var ipBytes []byte
	if ipAddr.Is4() || ipAddr.Is4In6() {
		netType = ipTypeV4
		as4 := ipAddr.As4()
		ipBytes = as4[:]
	} else {
		netType = ipTypeV6
		as16 := ipAddr.As16()
		ipBytes = as16[:]
	}
	err = p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getIPListsBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		prefix := []byte(fmt.Sprintf("%d_", listType))
		cursor := bucket.Cursor()
		for k, v := cursor.Seek(prefix); k != nil && bytes.HasPrefix(k, prefix); k, v = cursor.Next() {
			var entry IPListEntry
			err = json.Unmarshal(v, &entry)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			if entry.IPType == netType && bytes.Compare(ipBytes, entry.First) >= 0 && bytes.Compare(ipBytes, entry.Last) <= 0 {
				entry.PrepareForRendering()
				entries = append(entries, entry)
			}
		}
		return nil
	})
	return entries, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getConfigs() (Configs, error) {
	var configs Configs
	err := p.dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket := tx.Bucket(configsBucket)
		if bucket == nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("unable to find configs bucket")
		}
		data := bucket.Get(configsKey)
		if data != nil {
			return json.Unmarshal(data, &configs)
		}
		return nil
	})
	return configs, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) setConfigs(configs *Configs) error {
	if err := configs.validate(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket := tx.Bucket(configsBucket)
		if bucket == nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("unable to find configs bucket")
		}
		buf, err := json.Marshal(configs)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put(configsKey, buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) setFirstDownloadTimestamp(username string) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var u []byte
		if u = bucket.Get([]byte(username)); u == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("username %q does not exist, unable to set download timestamp",
				username))
		}
		var user User
		err = json.Unmarshal(u, &user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if user.FirstDownload > 0 {
			return util.NewGenericError(fmt.Sprintf("first download already set to %v",
				util.GetTimeFromMsecSinceEpoch(user.FirstDownload)))
		}
		user.FirstDownload = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(username), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) setFirstUploadTimestamp(username string) error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var u []byte
		if u = bucket.Get([]byte(username)); u == nil {
			return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("username %q does not exist, unable to set upload timestamp",
				username))
		}
		var user User
		if err = json.Unmarshal(u, &user); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if user.FirstUpload > 0 {
			return util.NewGenericError(fmt.Sprintf("first upload already set to %v",
				util.GetTimeFromMsecSinceEpoch(user.FirstUpload)))
		}
		user.FirstUpload = util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now())
		buf, err := json.Marshal(user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(username), buf)
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) close() error {
	return p.dbHandle.Close()
}

func (p *BoltProvider) reloadConfig() error {
	return nil
}

// initializeDatabase does nothing, no initilization is needed for bolt provider
func (p *BoltProvider) initializeDatabase() error {
	return ErrNoInitRequired
}

func (p *BoltProvider) migrateDatabase() error {
	dbVersion, err := getBoltDatabaseVersion(p.dbHandle)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	switch version := dbVersion.Version; {
	case version == boltDatabaseVersion:
		providerLog(logger.LevelDebug, "bolt database is up to date, current version: %d", version)
		return ErrNoInitRequired
	case version < 29:
		err = errSchemaVersionTooOld(version)
		providerLog(logger.LevelError, "%v", err)
		logger.ErrorToConsole("%v", err)
		return err
	case version == 29, version == 30, version == 31:
		logger.InfoToConsole("updating database schema version: %d -> 32", version)
		providerLog(logger.LevelInfo, "updating database schema version: %d -> 32", version)
		if err := updateEventActions(); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return updateBoltDatabaseVersion(p.dbHandle, 32)
	default:
		if version > boltDatabaseVersion {
			providerLog(logger.LevelError, "database schema version %d is newer than the supported one: %d", version,
				boltDatabaseVersion)
			logger.WarnToConsole("database schema version %d is newer than the supported one: %d", version,
				boltDatabaseVersion)
			return nil
		}
		return fmt.Errorf("database schema version not handled: %d", version)
	}
}

func (p *BoltProvider) revertDatabase(targetVersion int) error { //nolint:gocyclo
	dbVersion, err := getBoltDatabaseVersion(p.dbHandle)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if dbVersion.Version == targetVersion {
		return errors.New("current version match target version, nothing to do")
	}
	switch dbVersion.Version {
	case 30, 31, 32:
		logger.InfoToConsole("downgrading database schema version: %d -> 29", dbVersion.Version)
		providerLog(logger.LevelInfo, "downgrading database schema version: %d -> 29", dbVersion.Version)
		if dbVersion.Version == 32 {
			if err := restoreEventActions(); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		return updateBoltDatabaseVersion(p.dbHandle, 29)
	default:
		return fmt.Errorf("database schema version not handled: %v", dbVersion.Version)
	}
}

func (p *BoltProvider) resetDatabase() error {
	return p.dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		for _, bucketName := range boltBuckets {
			err := tx.DeleteBucket(bucketName)
			if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, bolterrors.ErrBucketNotFound) {
				return fmt.Errorf("unable to remove bucket %v: %w", bucketName, err)
			}
		}
		return nil
	})
}

func (p *BoltProvider) joinRuleAndActions(r []byte, actionsBucket *bolt.Bucket) (EventRule, error) {
	var rule EventRule
	err := json.Unmarshal(r, &rule)
	if err != nil {
		return rule, err
	}
	var actions []EventAction
	for idx := range rule.Actions {
		action := &rule.Actions[idx]
		var baseAction BaseEventAction
		k := actionsBucket.Get([]byte(action.Name))
		if k == nil {
			continue
		}
		err = json.Unmarshal(k, &baseAction)
		if err != nil {
			continue
		}
		baseAction.Options.SetEmptySecretsIfNil()
		action.BaseEventAction = baseAction
		actions = append(actions, *action)
	}
	rule.Actions = actions
	return rule, nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) joinGroupAndFolders(g []byte, foldersBucket *bolt.Bucket) (Group, error) {
	var group Group
	err := json.Unmarshal(g, &group)
	if err != nil {
		return group, err
	}
	if len(group.VirtualFolders) > 0 {
		var folders []vfs.VirtualFolder
		for idx := range group.VirtualFolders {
			folder := &group.VirtualFolders[idx]
			baseFolder, err := p.folderExistsInternal(folder.Name, foldersBucket)
			if err != nil {
				continue
			}
			folder.BaseVirtualFolder = baseFolder
			folders = append(folders, *folder)
		}
		group.VirtualFolders = folders
	}
	group.SetEmptySecretsIfNil()
	return group, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) joinUserAndFolders(u []byte, foldersBucket *bolt.Bucket) (User, error) {
	var user User
	err := json.Unmarshal(u, &user)
	if err != nil {
		return user, err
	}
	if len(user.VirtualFolders) > 0 {
		var folders []vfs.VirtualFolder
		for idx := range user.VirtualFolders {
			folder := &user.VirtualFolders[idx]
			baseFolder, err := p.folderExistsInternal(folder.Name, foldersBucket)
			if err != nil {
				continue
			}
			folder.BaseVirtualFolder = baseFolder
			folders = append(folders, *folder)
		}
		user.VirtualFolders = folders
	}
	user.SetEmptySecretsIfNil()
	return user, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) groupExistsInternal(name string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) (Group, error) {
	var group Group
	g := bucket.Get([]byte(name))
	if g == nil {
		err := util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("group %q does not exist", name))
		return group, err
	}
	err := json.Unmarshal(g, &group)
	return group, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) folderExistsInternal(name string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) (vfs.BaseVirtualFolder, error) {
	var folder vfs.BaseVirtualFolder
	f := bucket.Get([]byte(name))
	if f == nil {
		err := util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("folder %q does not exist", name))
		return folder, err
	}
	err := json.Unmarshal(f, &folder)
	return folder, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addFolderInternal(folder vfs.BaseVirtualFolder, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	id, err := bucket.NextSequence()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	folder.ID = int64(id)
	buf, err := json.Marshal(folder)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return bucket.Put([]byte(folder.Name), buf)
}

func (p *BoltProvider) removeRoleFromUser(username, role string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	u := bucket.Get([]byte(username))
	if u == nil {
		providerLog(logger.LevelWarn, "user %q does not exist, cannot remove role %q", username, role)
		return nil
	}
	var user User
	err := json.Unmarshal(u, &user)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if user.Role == role {
		user.Role = ""
		buf, err := json.Marshal(user)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(user.Username), buf)
	}
	providerLog(logger.LevelError, "user %q does not have the expected role %q, actual %q", username, role, user.Role)
	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addAdminToRole(username, roleName string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	if roleName == "" {
		return nil
	}
	r := bucket.Get([]byte(roleName))
	if r == nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("%w: role %q does not exist", ErrForeignKeyViolated, roleName)
	}
	var role Role
	err := json.Unmarshal(r, &role)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if !slices.Contains(role.Admins, username) {
		role.Admins = append(role.Admins, username)
		buf, err := json.Marshal(role)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(role.Name), buf)
	}
	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) removeAdminFromRole(username, roleName string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	if roleName == "" {
		return nil
	}
	r := bucket.Get([]byte(roleName))
	if r == nil {
		providerLog(logger.LevelWarn, "role %q does not exist, cannot remove admin %q", roleName, username)
		return nil
	}
	var role Role
	err := json.Unmarshal(r, &role)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if slices.Contains(role.Admins, username) {
		var admins []string
		for _, admin := range role.Admins {
			if admin != username {
				admins = append(admins, admin)
			}
		}
		role.Admins = util.RemoveDuplicates(admins, false)
		buf, err := json.Marshal(role)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(role.Name), buf)
	}
	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addUserToRole(username, roleName string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	if roleName == "" {
		return nil
	}
	r := bucket.Get([]byte(roleName))
	if r == nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("%w: role %q does not exist", ErrForeignKeyViolated, roleName)
	}
	var role Role
	err := json.Unmarshal(r, &role)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if !slices.Contains(role.Users, username) {
		role.Users = append(role.Users, username)
		buf, err := json.Marshal(role)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(role.Name), buf)
	}
	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) removeUserFromRole(username, roleName string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	if roleName == "" {
		return nil
	}
	r := bucket.Get([]byte(roleName))
	if r == nil {
		providerLog(logger.LevelWarn, "role %q does not exist, cannot remove admin %q", roleName, username)
		return nil
	}
	var role Role
	err := json.Unmarshal(r, &role)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if slices.Contains(role.Users, username) {
		var users []string
		for _, user := range role.Users {
			if user != username {
				users = append(users, user)
			}
		}
		users = util.RemoveDuplicates(users, false)
		role.Users = users
		buf, err := json.Marshal(role)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(role.Name), buf)
	}
	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addRuleToActionMapping(ruleName, actionName string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	a := bucket.Get([]byte(actionName))
	if a == nil {
		return util.NewGenericError(fmt.Sprintf("action %q does not exist", actionName))
	}
	var action BaseEventAction
	err := json.Unmarshal(a, &action)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if !slices.Contains(action.Rules, ruleName) {
		action.Rules = append(action.Rules, ruleName)
		buf, err := json.Marshal(action)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(action.Name), buf)
	}
	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) removeRuleFromActionMapping(ruleName, actionName string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	a := bucket.Get([]byte(actionName))
	if a == nil {
		providerLog(logger.LevelWarn, "action %q does not exist, cannot remove from mapping", actionName)
		return nil
	}
	var action BaseEventAction
	err := json.Unmarshal(a, &action)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if slices.Contains(action.Rules, ruleName) {
		var rules []string
		for _, r := range action.Rules {
			if r != ruleName {
				rules = append(rules, r)
			}
		}
		action.Rules = util.RemoveDuplicates(rules, false)
		buf, err := json.Marshal(action)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(action.Name), buf)
	}
	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addUserToGroupMapping(username, groupname string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	g := bucket.Get([]byte(groupname))
	if g == nil {
		return util.NewGenericError(fmt.Sprintf("group %q does not exist", groupname))
	}
	var group Group
	err := json.Unmarshal(g, &group)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if !slices.Contains(group.Users, username) {
		group.Users = append(group.Users, username)
		buf, err := json.Marshal(group)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(group.Name), buf)
	}
	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) removeUserFromGroupMapping(username, groupname string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	g := bucket.Get([]byte(groupname))
	if g == nil {
		return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("group %q does not exist", groupname))
	}
	var group Group
	err := json.Unmarshal(g, &group)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	var users []string
	for _, u := range group.Users {
		if u != username {
			users = append(users, u)
		}
	}
	group.Users = util.RemoveDuplicates(users, false)
	buf, err := json.Marshal(group)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return bucket.Put([]byte(group.Name), buf)
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addAdminToGroupMapping(username, groupname string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	g := bucket.Get([]byte(groupname))
	if g == nil {
		return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("group %q does not exist", groupname))
	}
	var group Group
	err := json.Unmarshal(g, &group)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if !slices.Contains(group.Admins, username) {
		group.Admins = append(group.Admins, username)
		buf, err := json.Marshal(group)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put([]byte(group.Name), buf)
	}
	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) removeAdminFromGroupMapping(username, groupname string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	g := bucket.Get([]byte(groupname))
	if g == nil {
		return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("group %q does not exist", groupname))
	}
	var group Group
	err := json.Unmarshal(g, &group)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	var admins []string
	for _, a := range group.Admins {
		if a != username {
			admins = append(admins, a)
		}
	}
	group.Admins = util.RemoveDuplicates(admins, false)
	buf, err := json.Marshal(group)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return bucket.Put([]byte(group.Name), buf)
}

func (p *BoltProvider) removeGroupFromAdminMapping(groupName, adminName string, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	var a []byte
	if a = bucket.Get([]byte(adminName)); a == nil {
		// the admin does not exist so there is no associated group
		return nil
	}
	var admin Admin
	err := json.Unmarshal(a, &admin)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	var newGroups []AdminGroupMapping
	for _, g := range admin.Groups {
		if g.Name != groupName {
			newGroups = append(newGroups, g)
		}
	}
	admin.Groups = newGroups
	buf, err := json.Marshal(admin)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return bucket.Put([]byte(adminName), buf)
}

func (p *BoltProvider) addRelationToFolderMapping(folderName string, user *User, group *Group, bucket *bolt.Bucket) error {
	f := bucket.Get([]byte(folderName))
	if f == nil {
		return util.NewGenericError(fmt.Sprintf("folder %q does not exist", folderName))
	}
	var folder vfs.BaseVirtualFolder
	err := json.Unmarshal(f, &folder)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	updated := false
	if user != nil && !slices.Contains(folder.Users, user.Username) {
		folder.Users = append(folder.Users, user.Username)
		updated = true
	}
	if group != nil && !slices.Contains(folder.Groups, group.Name) {
		folder.Groups = append(folder.Groups, group.Name)
		updated = true
	}
	if !updated {
		return nil
	}
	buf, err := json.Marshal(folder)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return bucket.Put([]byte(folder.Name), buf)
}

func (p *BoltProvider) removeRelationFromFolderMapping(folder vfs.VirtualFolder, username, groupname string,
	bucket *bolt.Bucket,
) error {
	var f []byte
	if f = bucket.Get([]byte(folder.Name)); f == nil {
		// the folder does not exist so there is no associated user/group
		return nil
	}
	var baseFolder vfs.BaseVirtualFolder
	err := json.Unmarshal(f, &baseFolder)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	found := false
	if username != "" {
		found = true
		var newUserMapping []string
		for _, u := range baseFolder.Users {
			if u != username {
				newUserMapping = append(newUserMapping, u)
			}
		}
		baseFolder.Users = newUserMapping
	}
	if groupname != "" {
		found = true
		var newGroupMapping []string
		for _, g := range baseFolder.Groups {
			if g != groupname {
				newGroupMapping = append(newGroupMapping, g)
			}
		}
		baseFolder.Groups = newGroupMapping
	}
	if !found {
		return nil
	}
	buf, err := json.Marshal(baseFolder)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return bucket.Put([]byte(folder.Name), buf)
}

func (p *BoltProvider) updateUserRelations(tx *bolt.Tx, user *User, oldUser User) error {
	foldersBucket, err := p.getFoldersBucket(tx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	groupsBucket, err := p.getGroupsBucket(tx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	rolesBucket, err := p.getRolesBucket(tx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	for idx := range oldUser.VirtualFolders {
		err = p.removeRelationFromFolderMapping(oldUser.VirtualFolders[idx], oldUser.Username, "", foldersBucket)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	for idx := range oldUser.Groups {
		err = p.removeUserFromGroupMapping(user.Username, oldUser.Groups[idx].Name, groupsBucket)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	if err = p.removeUserFromRole(oldUser.Username, oldUser.Role, rolesBucket); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	sort.Slice(user.VirtualFolders, func(i, j int) bool {
		return user.VirtualFolders[i].Name < user.VirtualFolders[j].Name
	})
	for idx := range user.VirtualFolders {
		err = p.addRelationToFolderMapping(user.VirtualFolders[idx].Name, user, nil, foldersBucket)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	sort.Slice(user.Groups, func(i, j int) bool {
		return user.Groups[i].Name < user.Groups[j].Name
	})
	for idx := range user.Groups {
		err = p.addUserToGroupMapping(user.Username, user.Groups[idx].Name, groupsBucket)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	return p.addUserToRole(user.Username, user.Role, rolesBucket)
}

func (p *BoltProvider) adminExistsInternal(tx *bolt.Tx, username string) error {
	bucket, err := p.getAdminsBucket(tx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	a := bucket.Get([]byte(username))
	if a == nil {
		return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("admin %v does not exist", username))
	}
	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) userExistsInternal(tx *bolt.Tx, username string) error {
	bucket, err := p.getUsersBucket(tx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	u := bucket.Get([]byte(username))
	if u == nil {
		return util.NewRecordNotFoundError(fmt.Sprintf("username %q does not exist", username))
	}
	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteRelatedShares(tx *bolt.Tx, username string) error {
	bucket, err := p.getSharesBucket(tx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	var toRemove []string
	cursor := bucket.Cursor()
	for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
		var share Share
		err = json.Unmarshal(v, &share)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if share.Username == username {
			toRemove = append(toRemove, share.ShareID)
		}
	}

	for _, k := range toRemove {
		if err := bucket.Delete([]byte(k)); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) deleteRelatedAPIKey(tx *bolt.Tx, username string, scope APIKeyScope) error {
	bucket, err := p.getAPIKeysBucket(tx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	var toRemove []string
	cursor := bucket.Cursor()
	for k, v := cursor.First(); k != nil; k, v = cursor.Next() {
		var apiKey APIKey
		err = json.Unmarshal(v, &apiKey)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if scope == APIKeyScopeUser {
			if apiKey.User == username {
				toRemove = append(toRemove, apiKey.KeyID)
			}
		} else {
			if apiKey.Admin == username {
				toRemove = append(toRemove, apiKey.KeyID)
			}
		}
	}

	for _, k := range toRemove {
		if err := bucket.Delete([]byte(k)); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getSharesBucket(tx *bolt.Tx) (*bolt.Bucket, error) {
	var err error

	bucket := tx.Bucket(sharesBucket)
	if bucket == nil {
		err = errors.New("unable to find shares bucket, bolt database structure not correcly defined")
	}
	return bucket, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getAPIKeysBucket(tx *bolt.Tx) (*bolt.Bucket, error) {
	var err error

	bucket := tx.Bucket(apiKeysBucket)
	if bucket == nil {
		err = errors.New("unable to find api keys bucket, bolt database structure not correcly defined")
	}
	return bucket, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getAdminsBucket(tx *bolt.Tx) (*bolt.Bucket, error) {
	var err error

	bucket := tx.Bucket(adminsBucket)
	if bucket == nil {
		err = errors.New("unable to find admins bucket, bolt database structure not correcly defined")
	}
	return bucket, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getUsersBucket(tx *bolt.Tx) (*bolt.Bucket, error) {
	var err error
	bucket := tx.Bucket(usersBucket)
	if bucket == nil {
		err = errors.New("unable to find users bucket, bolt database structure not correcly defined")
	}
	return bucket, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getGroupsBucket(tx *bolt.Tx) (*bolt.Bucket, error) {
	var err error
	bucket := tx.Bucket(groupsBucket)
	if bucket == nil {
		err = fmt.Errorf("unable to find groups bucket, bolt database structure not correcly defined")
	}
	return bucket, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getRolesBucket(tx *bolt.Tx) (*bolt.Bucket, error) {
	var err error
	bucket := tx.Bucket(rolesBucket)
	if bucket == nil {
		err = fmt.Errorf("unable to find roles bucket, bolt database structure not correcly defined")
	}
	return bucket, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getIPListsBucket(tx *bolt.Tx) (*bolt.Bucket, error) {
	var err error
	bucket := tx.Bucket(rolesBucket)
	if bucket == nil {
		err = fmt.Errorf("unable to find IP lists bucket, bolt database structure not correcly defined")
	}
	return bucket, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getFoldersBucket(tx *bolt.Tx) (*bolt.Bucket, error) {
	var err error
	bucket := tx.Bucket(foldersBucket)
	if bucket == nil {
		err = fmt.Errorf("unable to find folders bucket, bolt database structure not correcly defined")
	}
	return bucket, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getActionsBucket(tx *bolt.Tx) (*bolt.Bucket, error) {
	var err error
	bucket := tx.Bucket(actionsBucket)
	if bucket == nil {
		err = fmt.Errorf("unable to find event actions bucket, bolt database structure not correcly defined")
	}
	return bucket, err
}

func (p *BoltProvider) getRulesBucket(tx *bolt.Tx) (*bolt.Bucket, error) {
	var err error
	bucket := tx.Bucket(rulesBucket)
	if bucket == nil {
		err = fmt.Errorf("unable to find event rules bucket, bolt database structure not correcly defined")
	}
	return bucket, err
}

func getBoltDatabaseVersion(dbHandle *bolt.DB) (schemaVersion, error) {
	var dbVersion schemaVersion
	err := dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket := tx.Bucket(dbVersionBucket)
		if bucket == nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("unable to find database schema version bucket")
		}
		v := bucket.Get(dbVersionKey)
		if v == nil {
			dbVersion = schemaVersion{
				Version: 29,
			}
			return nil
		}
		return json.Unmarshal(v, &dbVersion)
	})
	return dbVersion, err
}

func updateBoltDatabaseVersion(dbHandle *bolt.DB, version int) error {
	err := dbHandle.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
		bucket := tx.Bucket(dbVersionBucket)
		if bucket == nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("unable to find database schema version bucket")
		}
		newDbVersion := schemaVersion{
			Version: version,
		}
		buf, err := json.Marshal(newDbVersion)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return bucket.Put(dbVersionKey, buf)
	})
	return err
}