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+// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
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+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
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+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
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+
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+// Package ipv4 implements IP-level socket options for the Internet
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+// Protocol version 4.
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+//
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+// The package provides IP-level socket options that allow
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+// manipulation of IPv4 facilities.
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+//
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+// The IPv4 protocol and basic host requirements for IPv4 are defined
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+// in RFC 791 and RFC 1122.
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+// Host extensions for multicasting and socket interface extensions
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+// for multicast source filters are defined in RFC 1112 and RFC 3678.
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+// IGMPv1, IGMPv2 and IGMPv3 are defined in RFC 1112, RFC 2236 and RFC
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+// 3376.
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+// Source-specific multicast is defined in RFC 4607.
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+//
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+//
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+// Unicasting
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+//
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+// The options for unicasting are available for net.TCPConn,
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+// net.UDPConn and net.IPConn which are created as network connections
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+// that use the IPv4 transport. When a single TCP connection carrying
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+// a data flow of multiple packets needs to indicate the flow is
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+// important, ipv4.Conn is used to set the type-of-service field on
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+// the IPv4 header for each packet.
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+//
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+// ln, err := net.Listen("tcp4", "0.0.0.0:1024")
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+// if err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// defer ln.Close()
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+// for {
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+// c, err := ln.Accept()
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+// if err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// go func(c net.Conn) {
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+// defer c.Close()
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+//
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+// The outgoing packets will be labeled DiffServ assured forwarding
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+// class 1 low drop precedence, known as AF11 packets.
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+//
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+// if err := ipv4.NewConn(c).SetTOS(0x28); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// if _, err := c.Write(data); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// }(c)
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+// }
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+//
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+//
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+// Multicasting
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+//
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+// The options for multicasting are available for net.UDPConn and
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+// net.IPconn which are created as network connections that use the
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+// IPv4 transport. A few network facilities must be prepared before
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+// you begin multicasting, at a minimum joining network interfaces and
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+// multicast groups.
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+//
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+// en0, err := net.InterfaceByName("en0")
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+// if err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// en1, err := net.InterfaceByIndex(911)
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+// if err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// group := net.IPv4(224, 0, 0, 250)
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+//
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+// First, an application listens to an appropriate address with an
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+// appropriate service port.
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+//
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+// c, err := net.ListenPacket("udp4", "0.0.0.0:1024")
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+// if err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// defer c.Close()
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+//
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+// Second, the application joins multicast groups, starts listening to
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+// the groups on the specified network interfaces. Note that the
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+// service port for transport layer protocol does not matter with this
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+// operation as joining groups affects only network and link layer
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+// protocols, such as IPv4 and Ethernet.
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+//
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+// p := ipv4.NewPacketConn(c)
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+// if err := p.JoinGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: group}); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// if err := p.JoinGroup(en1, &net.UDPAddr{IP: group}); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+//
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+// The application might set per packet control message transmissions
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+// between the protocol stack within the kernel. When the application
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+// needs a destination address on an incoming packet,
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+// SetControlMessage of ipv4.PacketConn is used to enable control
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+// message transmissions.
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+//
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+// if err := p.SetControlMessage(ipv4.FlagDst, true); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+//
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+// The application could identify whether the received packets are
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+// of interest by using the control message that contains the
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+// destination address of the received packet.
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+//
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+// b := make([]byte, 1500)
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+// for {
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+// n, cm, src, err := p.ReadFrom(b)
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+// if err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// if cm.Dst.IsMulticast() {
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+// if cm.Dst.Equal(group) {
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+// // joined group, do something
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+// } else {
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+// // unknown group, discard
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+// continue
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+// }
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+// }
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+//
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+// The application can also send both unicast and multicast packets.
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+//
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+// p.SetTOS(0x0)
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+// p.SetTTL(16)
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+// if _, err := p.WriteTo(data, nil, src); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// dst := &net.UDPAddr{IP: group, Port: 1024}
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+// for _, ifi := range []*net.Interface{en0, en1} {
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+// if err := p.SetMulticastInterface(ifi); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// p.SetMulticastTTL(2)
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+// if _, err := p.WriteTo(data, nil, dst); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// }
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+// }
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+//
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+//
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+// More multicasting
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+//
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+// An application that uses PacketConn or RawConn may join multiple
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+// multicast groups. For example, a UDP listener with port 1024 might
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+// join two different groups across over two different network
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+// interfaces by using:
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+//
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+// c, err := net.ListenPacket("udp4", "0.0.0.0:1024")
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+// if err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// defer c.Close()
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+// p := ipv4.NewPacketConn(c)
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+// if err := p.JoinGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(224, 0, 0, 248)}); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// if err := p.JoinGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(224, 0, 0, 249)}); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// if err := p.JoinGroup(en1, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(224, 0, 0, 249)}); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+//
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+// It is possible for multiple UDP listeners that listen on the same
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+// UDP port to join the same multicast group. The net package will
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+// provide a socket that listens to a wildcard address with reusable
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+// UDP port when an appropriate multicast address prefix is passed to
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+// the net.ListenPacket or net.ListenUDP.
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+//
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+// c1, err := net.ListenPacket("udp4", "224.0.0.0:1024")
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+// if err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// defer c1.Close()
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+// c2, err := net.ListenPacket("udp4", "224.0.0.0:1024")
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+// if err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// defer c2.Close()
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+// p1 := ipv4.NewPacketConn(c1)
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+// if err := p1.JoinGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(224, 0, 0, 248)}); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// p2 := ipv4.NewPacketConn(c2)
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+// if err := p2.JoinGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(224, 0, 0, 248)}); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+//
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+// Also it is possible for the application to leave or rejoin a
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+// multicast group on the network interface.
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+//
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+// if err := p.LeaveGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(224, 0, 0, 248)}); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// if err := p.JoinGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(224, 0, 0, 250)}); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+//
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+//
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+// Source-specific multicasting
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+//
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+// An application that uses PacketConn or RawConn on IGMPv3 supported
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+// platform is able to join source-specific multicast groups.
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+// The application may use JoinSourceSpecificGroup and
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+// LeaveSourceSpecificGroup for the operation known as "include" mode,
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+//
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+// ssmgroup := net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(232, 7, 8, 9)}
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+// ssmsource := net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(192, 168, 0, 1)})
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+// if err := p.JoinSourceSpecificGroup(en0, &ssmgroup, &ssmsource); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// if err := p.LeaveSourceSpecificGroup(en0, &ssmgroup, &ssmsource); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+//
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+// or JoinGroup, ExcludeSourceSpecificGroup,
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+// IncludeSourceSpecificGroup and LeaveGroup for the operation known
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+// as "exclude" mode.
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+//
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+// exclsource := net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(192, 168, 0, 254)}
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+// if err := p.JoinGroup(en0, &ssmgroup); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// if err := p.ExcludeSourceSpecificGroup(en0, &ssmgroup, &exclsource); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+// if err := p.LeaveGroup(en0, &ssmgroup); err != nil {
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+// // error handling
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+// }
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+//
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+// Note that it depends on each platform implementation what happens
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+// when an application which runs on IGMPv3 unsupported platform uses
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+// JoinSourceSpecificGroup and LeaveSourceSpecificGroup.
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+// In general the platform tries to fall back to conversations using
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+// IGMPv1 or IGMPv2 and starts to listen to multicast traffic.
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+// In the fallback case, ExcludeSourceSpecificGroup and
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+// IncludeSourceSpecificGroup may return an error.
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+package ipv4 // import "golang.org/x/net/ipv4"
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+
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+// BUG(mikio): This package is not implemented on NaCl and Plan 9.
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