# Glossary [Home](readme.md) A list of terms and their definitions can be found below * **ADS** - *Azure Data Studio* is a desktop tool for managing Azure Data resources in the cloud, on-premises, or hybrid environments. * **ADS Notebook** - Feature of ADS that enables creating, sharing text alongside code blocks for execution with various Notebook kernels. * **API** - *application programming interface*, a standard way for computers to interact programmatically such as through a web service or other function. * **Azure** - a cloud computing service created by Microsoft. * **Azure Batch** - an Azure service that enables high performance parallel computing tasks in the cloud. * **Azure Blob Storage** - an Azure storage service used to store unstructured data as Binary Large Objects or BLOBs * **Azure CLI** - Azure *command line interface*, a useful desktop library to interact with Azure resources from the command line * **Azure Region** - Azure data centers are separated by geography into regions in order to ensure low-latency and security * **Azure Resource Group** - a logical container of Azure resources for management of Azure resources within it * **Azure SQL Database** - an Azure based version of SQL database offered as a PaaS * **Azure Storage Account** - provides a unique namespace in Azure which forms the basis for addressing objects in Azure Storage * **Azure Storage SKU** - a *stock keeping unit* or SKU is a product unit designation that distinguishes between the product and other products based on its attributes such as manufacturer, description, and product type. (see Appendices for a list of Storage SKU types) * **Azure Subscription** - associates a user with Azure resources created by that user * **CLI** - *command line interface*, allows execution of programs using textual processing line-by-line which is useful for automation using scripts or pasted input. * **HADR** - *High Availability, Disaster Recovery* HA is the degree which a system is functional for customers. DR is a set of processes, techniques, and methodologies that ensure fault tolerance following natural and man-made disasters. * **IaaS** - *infrastructure-as-a-Service* a cloud service that allows provisioning and managing of infrastructure over the web * **Jupyter Book** - A collection of Jupyter Notebooks bound with a table of contents to define a notebook structure. * **Jupyter Kernel** - a wrapper program that handles requests for executing and inspecting code in a Notebook * **Juptyer Notebook** - an open source web application that is the underlying technology for ADS Notebooks that features live code, equations, and visualizations alongside narrative text. * **Juptyer Project** - a non-profit, OSS project that supports interactive data science computing across all programming languages * **Markdown** - lightweight markup language with text formatting widely used in web documents * **Microsoft PowerShell** - a task automation and configuration management framework. ADS Notebooks feature a PowerShell kernel in order to interface with the PS environment. PS is often used by systems engineers and admins. * **OSS** - *open source software* is a decentralized software development model that encourages open collaboration and sharing. * **PaaS** - *Platform-as-a-Service* is a cloud service that allows the use of an application without the complexity of building and maintaining the hardware infrastructure required by the application * **Point-to-Site VPN** - a VPN solution that allows a secure connection from an individual client computer to a remote network on the VPN. * **Python** - an interpreted high level OSS programming language often used by data scientists * **Site-to-Site VPN** - a VPN connection created between two sites, usually over the public Internet or a WAN connection. Normally requires a network adminstrator to setup and configure. * **SQL Assessment API** - evaluates a SQL instance configuration for best practices * **SQL Virtual Machine** - an IaaS Azure offer that provisions and manages virtual machine with SQL Server installed * **SQL Managed Instance** - a PaaS Azure offer for SQL Server that is ran on Azure infrastructure. Microsoft will manage the complexities of the infrastructure for the user * **SMO** - SQL Management Objects are "objects designed for programmatic management of Microsoft SQL Server" ([Microsoft](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/server-management-objects-smo/overview-smo)) * **VPN** - a *virtual private network* is a collection of computing resources that organizes and extends a private network configuration over the public Internet, normally using some kind of encryption for security and privacy.